Anak Krakatau Volcano

• Location: Sunda Strait, Indonesia, between Java and Sumatra.
• Meaning: Anak Krakatau means “Child of Krakatau.”
• Formation: Emerged in 1927, after the catastrophic 1883 eruption of Krakatau.
• Type: An active stratovolcano.
• Tectonic Setting: Located in a subduction zone, associated with the Indo-Australian Plate and Sunda Plate.
• Pacific Ring of Fire: Part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, known for intense volcanic and seismic activity.
• 2018 Event: A flank collapse of Anak Krakatau triggered a destructive tsunami in the Sunda Strait.
• Krakatau vs Anak Krakatau: Anak Krakatau is the younger volcanic cone that developed after the 1883 eruption.
• Prelims Link: Indonesia → Sunda Strait → Java–Sumatra → Subduction → Pacific Ring of Fire.

UPSC Prelims Question – English

Q. With reference to Anak Krakatau, consider the following statements:

1. It is located between Java and Sumatra.
2. It emerged after the catastrophic eruption of Krakatau in 1883.
3. It is located in a region associated with subduction-related volcanism.
4. Its flank collapse in 2018 was associated with a tsunami.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation:

• Statement 1 – Correct: Anak Krakatau lies in the Sunda Strait, between Java and Sumatra.
• Statement 2 – Correct: The present volcanic cone developed after the 1883 Krakatau eruption.
• Statement 3 – Correct: The region is associated with subduction-related volcanism.
• Statement 4 – Correct: A flank collapse in 2018 generated a tsunami in the Sunda Strait.